Division; Tracheobionta
Class: Filicopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Family: Pteridaceae
Genus: Doryopteris
Species: angelica

Common Names:None

are 2-4 times longer that the triangular leaf blade, which is up to 30 x 30 cm, and the rachises are winged between the lowest two pinnae. The species name angelica alludes to the prominent wing-like ridges on the stipes or leaf stalks of this species.

It is very rare and localized, and only three populations that are known to exist in the wild: one in Kuia Valley with around 20 individuals, one in Makaha Valley with around 10 individuals, and one in Awaawapuhi with only a few individuals.

The biggest threats to this extremely rare fern are the same as for many other endemic Hawaiian plants and include feral pigs and deer and competition from invasive alien plant species.

(Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk Project. Doryopteris Angelica. Website accessed on 10/28/08. www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/maps/doryopteris_angelica.htm)
(Palmer, D. D. 2002. Hawai`i’s Ferns and Fern Allies. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu.)
(United States Department of Agriculture Plant Profile. K.Wood and W.H. Wagner. Website accessed 10/27/08. http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=DOAN2)

Gametophytes are sown on a mixture of potting medium and forest soil. After the young sporophytes appear and are large enough, they are transplanted to pots with cinders as a growth medium. This shows that even some of the rarest native Hawaiian ferns can be propagated using the right techniques.